Interagency Correspondence Concerning Space Fragments, 1962-1964

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LBJ LIBRARY DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL SHEET Doc # DocType Doc Info 04 — memo 06 07 08- 09 10 draft draft mome draft draft Classification Pages Weish to Fritsch, et.al.- феп 9/15114 Near duplicate of #7 & 9 Near duplicate of #6 & 9 NASC Meeting... open 9/15114 "Guidelines for Interagency Handling..." [Near duplicate of #6 & 7] "Guidelines for Interagency Handling..." C 2 C 2 PCI - C 2 C 3 PCI Page 1 Date Restriction 11/15/63 A 11/15/63 A 12 meme NASC Meeting. ореп 9/15/14 18- Welsh to MeCone орел 9/15114 20a rpt - "Guidelines for Interagency Handling..." open 14/18 per RAC 12/17 21 memo C. Johnson to Parrott [Duplicate of #25] ореп 9115/14 -€ Collection Title National Security File, Files of Charles E. Johnson Folder Title "Space Vehicle Fragments - Responsibilities and Procedures" Box Number 018 Restriction Codes (A) Closed by Executive Order 13292 governing access to national security information. (B) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the document. (C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gift. 2 11/15/63 11/21/83 11/15/63 [11/63] 11/6/63 5/31/63 [1963] 12/10/62 A A A A 1/13/2009 Initia

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LBJ LIBRARY DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL SHEET Doc # DocType Doc Info 23 25 36c memo - meme draft To ExSec, NASC ореп 9/15114 Duplicate of #21 ореп 9/15114 "Attachment B" ореп 9/15/14 <C Page 2 Classification Pages Date 12/7/62 Restriction A 12710/62 2 [10/62} A Collection Title National Security File, Files of Charles E. Johnson Folder Title "Space Vehicle Fragments - Responsibilities and Procedures" Box Number 018 Restriction Codes (A) Closed by Executive Order 13292 governing access to national security information. (B) Closed by statute or by the agency which originated the document. (C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gift. 1/13/2009 Initials

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. REMARKS: NASA HEADQUARTERS ROUTING SLIP CODE NAME (if necessary) Charles Johnson National Security Council ACTION APPROVAL CONCURRENCE FILE INFORMATION INVESTIGATE AND ADVISE NOTE AND FORWARD NOTE AND RETURN PER REQUEST RECOMMENDATION SEE ME SIGNATURE REPLY FOR SIGNATURE OF: Underlined sections have been added since the last draft. Satun Ale Ciengem Z Juidane Fragmento FROM: CODEÀ I NMi 111 am F. Hausman NASA Form 26 (Rev. July 1959) DATE: 5/26/64 U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1959 OF-513026

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-CONFIDEN TIAL NASA AF AF File Frang. GROUP 1 Excluded from automatic downgrading and declassification x PAUL MANNED SPACECRAFT CENTER -- ATTN: DR. GILRUTH AND HANeY MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER -- ATTN: DR. VON BRAUN NASA JOHN F. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER -- ATTN: DR. DEBUS, JOHN KING UNTIL FURTHER NOTICE, THE FOLLOWING IS THE RESPONSE TO QUERIES ON POSSIBLE EARTH IMPACTS OF FRAGMENTS FROM ORBITING SA-6 BOOSTER. NO QUERIES HAVE BEEN RECEIVED AT THIS TIME. AFTER LAUNCH WE WILL GIVE TRACKING ELEMENTS FOR TWO TO TWELVE DAY ORBIT BUT NO IMPACT PREDICTION. NO INFORMATION IS BEING VOLUNTEERED. THIS HAS BEEN COORDINATED BY OUR INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS OFFICE WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT. ALL ADDITIONAL RESPONSE OVER AND ABOVE THE FOLLOWING WILL BE ONLY BY THE ADMINISTRATOR, THE DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR OR THE ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR. QUERIES REQUIRING SUCHI ADDITIONAL RESPONSES SHOULD BE REFERRED TO THEM. "A. ON SIZE OF FRAGMENTS: ACTUAL SIZE AND NUMBER OF FRAGMENTS CANNOT BE PREDICTED. DECLASSIFIED E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.4 Byebm|//NARA, Date 1-8-04. CONFIDENTIAL BART SLATTERY 1 CONFIDENFIAL

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CONFGENTIAL NASA CONEI x "B. ON LOCATION OF IMPACT: SINCE WIS VEHICL BREAKS UP ON REENTRY, THERE IS NO BASIS FOR PREDICTING A SINGLE IMPACT POINT• "C. PRIOR TO ANY IMPACT: THIS PROBLEM HAS BEDE VERY CAREFULLY STUDIED. THE POSSIBILITY OF A FRACMENT EROM ANY SPACE VEHICLE ENDANCERING HUMAN LIFE OR PROPERTY IS QUITE REMOTE. ANY DISCUSSION OF SUCH AN IMPROBABLE INCIDENT WOULD BE HEAVILY CONJECTURAL. "D. AFTER A REPORTED IMPACT: UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES DOES THIS AGENCY (GOVERNVENT) CONJECTURE ON THE CRICIN OF AN OBJECT. RATHER, IT DESIRES TO OBTAIN, ANALYZE, AND ATTEMPT TO ESTABLISE THE ORIGIN OF SUCH AN OBJECE. "E. AFTER IT IS KNOWN THAT A FRACMENT IS TO BE DELIVERED TO US: THE OBJECT WILL BE SUBJECTED TO 2 3 CONFIDENTIAL CONEIDENTIAL

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CONE. NASA AF STUDY AND PROMPT PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT WILL BE MADE WRON ANAZYSIS HAS BEEN COMPLETED." JULIAN SCHEER ASSISTANT ALMINISTRATOR FOR PUBLIC AFFAIRS CC: AD/Dr. Dryden AI/Mr. Frutkin AA/Mr. Williamson M/Dr. Mueller MAO/Mr. Abernethy AFP/Mr. Lloyd M-N/Mr. Alibrando A/Mr. Webb AA/Dr. Seamans GROUP 1 Excluded from automatic downgrading and declassification 3 3 Julian Scheer, Asst. Acministra- tor for Public Affairs 35302 CONFIDENTIAL

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CON DENTIAL December 16, 1963 file Saturn Launch Barkyrand data. DIARY NOTS Subject: 8A-5 Tae SA-5 Zaunch was flagged at the briefing of October 23 because of the large veight expected to be put in orbit and re-enter. No objection was registered by the Depertment of State. 3. The following dey, October 24, Ir. Fruticin enlled Dr. Golovin to recommend that De. Weiner be briefed on the SA-5. Golovin was to arrange a meeting for this purpose. A request for a briefing was received fron Dr. Steininger of Dr. Weimer's staff on December 9, 1963, and he was briefing that day by Cept. Holcon (NABA). 4. Prior to the initial briefing, NASA had taken two principal precautions to reduce the total weight of fregente that agat retur: (1) 13,000 Ibs. of send vere substituted for the ballast originally programed (lead and iron); (2) the Jupitez nose cone was roughed up so that it would bura up during reentry. held on lovember 27. by Dr. Bollefson or his associates. (a) There is a 95% probability that 2,800 lbs, of meterial vill retum to earth, a 15p probability that 4,600 Ibs. will return and a 50, chance that 20,200 lbe, vill retura. The 2,800 1ba. would probably take the fom of 30 to 39 fragments, consisting electronics packages. The difference between 2,800 1b6. figure and the 4,600 1bs. figure is in the Jupiter nose cone. DECLASSIFIED E. Q. 13292, Sec. 3.4 By cbm/g. NARA, Date /-809 CONFIDENTIAL 1369

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CONFIDENTIAL (b) It was stated that fragments would probably impect over an area between 2,170 and 2,500 miles long by 100 miles wide. (c) None of the aluminun skin material is expected to survive reentry. Interior parts should therefore be exposed to beating during reentry. (Noat fragneate collected to date have been stainless steel pieces of Atlas skin). (d) If 30 fragments reenter the atmosphere, the probability of a casulty is estimated at .0000179. If 39 pieces reenter, the probability 16.0000232, or one casulty per 50,000 flights. A fragment is considered capable of inflicting injury or death if it hits with more then 58 foot pounde of kinetic energy. (e) The nonnal but uncertein lifetime projected for the satellite is 248 days. The vehicle is to be launched on a heading of 105° , with a 345 nautical mile apogee, 142 neutical mile perigee, 31.60 inclination and a 93.9 minute period. (1) NASA has investigated the possibility of destructing the satellite in orbit. This does not appear feasible since any destruct short of veporization would simply create more fragments of a lethal nature and increase the probabilities of a camalty. In order to vaporize the satellite, a nuclear charge would be required. (s) At the current stage of engineering, it is not possible to provide retro-rocket and orientation systems to deorbit the satellite in open water. Some 18 monthe night be required for this and the solution vould not be applicable to future required GEMINI missions. (h) It the 13,000 Ibs. of sand are subtrected, it is estimated that the vehiele will be of the approximate weight and size of Soviet vehicles which have already decayed. It is not known whether the Soviets have taken azy precautions regarding fregments. (1) A tracking beacon with a 45-day 11fe has been placed on board the satellite to assist in monitoring it as closely as possible. (3) It has been estimated that the reentry prospects here are not greatly different from Atlas reentztes in which about 2,000 lbs, per flight are believed to have returned to earth. -2- CONFIDENTIAL

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ONIFIDENTIAL 7. Revised Information Since the November 27 briefing, the following revised date has been provided: 95% probability 2,361 lbs. will returnj 50k probability 3,000 2bs. will retura. 8. Based on data provided through Suithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, it has been estimated that in one year, 310 meteorite impacte oceur in Africa (epproximately 11,000,000 square kiloneters); 1.e., 10 times as many objects as aze involved in SA-5 reentay fall in Africa alone in one year. To date there has been no substantiated report of a personnel casualty resulting fron these impacts. James R. Morrison Office of Intemational Programs co: Mr. C. Johnson, White House CONFIDENTTIAL

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FROM * U. S. Government Printing Office: 1963-679668 DATE OF DOCUMENT April 8, 1964 CHECK WHETHER ACTION copy INFO COPy DATE RECEIVED ACTION COPY TO NO." Williem F. Hausmen NASA Hq. /Code AI TO Charles Johnson NSCouncil CLASSIFICATION SUSPENSE DATE POST OFFICE REGISTRY NO. Secret DESCRIPTION (MUST BE UNCLASSIFIED) Response to Queries re: Fragments AI-15 A-7-7 INFORMATION COPY TO CLASSIFIED MATERIAL REFERRED TO CEJ DESTROYED (DATE AND NO.) REC'D. BY plum DATE REFERRED TO NUMBER OF COPIES REC'D BY DATE ENCLOSURES REMARKS cy Webb, Dyrden, Seamans, NASA Packard, State Johnson, NSC AWFrutkin, AI DATE ANSWERED BY REPLY NECESSARY VECESSAR\ NASA MAIL CONTROL FORM NASA 416A (JUNE 1959)

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(PLACE NASA CONTROL FORMS HERE ) За DECLASSIFIED E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.4 BY Chm/s NARA, Date /-8.09 material while in the custody of NASA Headquarters. SECRET SECRET SECRET NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION SECRET SECRET SECRET The attachment contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the espionage laws, Title 18, U.S.C., Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. SEC SEC SECOR

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RESPONSE TO QUERY GROUP 3 Downgraded at 12 year intervals; not automatically. declassified 36 April 8, 1964 RE: Queries on Fragment Return from NASA Spacecraft or Space Vehicles A much abbreviated guideline for RIQ has been provided by Mr. Scheer to various NASA officials who might be queried on this subject. The following more extensive responses are provided as background information to be used by the Administrator, Deputy Administrator, or Associate Administrator of NASA, in their judgment, in event of queries on the return of space vehicle fragments to the earth. It is suggested that the minimum information be used to satisfy a given query. (A) FOR USE PRIOR TO AND AFTER A PARTICULAR LAUNCH BUT BEFORE ANY KNOWN IMPACT OF RETURNING FRAGMENTS: 1. Do fragments from (satellite X) pose a threat to life or property? The probability that fragments from (satellite X) may cause damage or injury is remote. The probability of injury from natural meteorites is far greater. 2. a. What is the probability of impact? There are many factors (e•g•, time in orbit, atmospheric conditions, how the vehicle breaks up, dispersal pattern, etc.) involved and the calculations are extremely complex. We have assured ourselves, however, that the hazard is far less than many hazards encountered in everyday living• b. What is the numerical probability that NASA has placed on this? In the case of SA-5, it is one in 50,000 launches. In the case of GT-], it is one in 27,500 launches. 3. Has NASA taken steps to lessen the fragment problem? Yes. NASA is actively engaged in minimizing it. For example, on the SA-5 satellite, NASA used 13,000 Ibs. of harmless sand as ballast and roughed up the nosecone so that it would burn on reentry. On the GI-1 spacecraft, NASA bored large holes in the heat shield to assist burning during reentry. In addition to specific steps such as these, studies are underway to assist NASA in further coping with the overall reentry problem. "This document consists 3 pages. No. - pios, Series DECLASSIRE SEGRET E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.4 By Com/y NARA, Date /-8.09 ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT USED IN RESPONSE TO QUERIES IS AUTOMATICALLY DECLASSIFIED. GROUP 3 Downgraded at 12 year intorvals; not automatically declassified deletiona Noceman 321/41 per 1819

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GE. MP 3 Downgrued at 12 yoar Intorvals; not automat ally • • declassified: 2 8. How many fragments may be expected to survive From SA-5 ~ About 30 From GT-I - About 55 any fragments come down, where are they most likely to impact? The small number of fragments surviving from any satellite will be dispersed over an area of thousands of square miles, most of which are likely to be oceans, seas, or other water surface. Can the fragment problem be further decreased by exploding the orbiting element? Explosion or destruct of the orbiting element could produce more fragments and, hence, increase the possibility of fragment impact. If one were to be hit by a fragment, would it be lethal? In the remote possibility that one were to be struck by a fragment, it might, depending upon area of body struck, be lethal. However, this is also true of being struck by a meteonite; and the possibility of being struck by a meteorite is greater than the possibility of being struck by a fragment from (satellite X). In fact, based on data provided through the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the average number of meteorites over 2.2 Ibs. which impact on the earth every year is estimated at 5628. This is many, many times greater than the total number of fragments to be expected from (satellite X). And, to date, there are no substantiated reports of injury from these meteorite impacts. Meteorites are natural phenomena. Do you consider NASA justified in increasing the possibilities of a lethal impact, no matter how improbable? Many human activities carry with them a demonstrable probability of casualty--flying, automobile driving, golfing, during an electrical storm. But we do not stop driving, flying or golf- ing. - SEGRET GROUP 3 Downgraded at 12 year intervals; not automatically declassified

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GROUP 3 Downgraded at 12 year intorvals; not automatically -31.108 9. Will this sort of thing be a continuing hazard? In some degree, yes. In time, it should become possible to develop some solutions such as ensured return over water, but these will take a great deal of research and development as well as significant payload margin. It is a matter of constant attention. 10. How do reentry problems with GI-l compare with those of other rockets? Very roughly, about the same as with Atlas reentries, from which there have been no casualties. CEOU GROUP 3 Downgraded at 12 year ..tosvals; not automaticall

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4 CONFIDENTIA EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL WASHINGTON EXECUTIVE SECRETARY November 15, 1963 hock MEMORANDUM TO: Dr. Arnold Fritsch Mr. Albert D. Wheelon Dr. Albert C. Hall Mr. Arnold Frutkin Mr. Charles Johnson Dr. Nicholas Golovin Mr. Robert Packard (AEC) (CIA) (DOD) (NASA) (NSC) (OST) (State) Subject: Fragments The meeting on November 6 was informative. At the close of that session, I promised to weigh various suggestions and come up with a draft paper for joint consideration. Such a paper is attached. I would doubt that everyone's interests are completely satisfied with this language, but it is hoped that it comprises a reasonable basis for agreement. In any event, I would appreciate your evaluating it and preparing yourselves to indicate what por - tions are satisfactory and what portions need improvement. A meeting to discuss this language and related issues is scheduled for November 21, 10 o'clock, in Room 213 Executive Office Build- ing. Please advise my office in advance who will attend for your respective agencies. - E. C. Welsh Classified attachment (2 cys) DECLASSIFIE Authomy N45.030R. 018.001/1 NARA. Date 8:21-14 CONFIDENTIAL Upon removal of attach- ments this document becomes unclassified. 1277

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VENE POST Not rocket to nowhere 5

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL Interagency Missting on Space Vehicle Fragmeate Thuraday, November 21, 1963 - 10:00 a.m. Roam 213 - 5. 0. 3. CHAIRMAN: Da. %. C, Welsh ABC: Dr. John Pomeroy GLAI Mr. Huntington Sheldon Miz. Carl Duckett DOTENSE! De. Albert C. Hall NASA: Air, Zanold Fruthin Colonel William E. Hausman NSG: Mir. Charles Johnson 057: Der Nicholse Golavin De. Donald H. Steininger STATE: fir. Robert Packard Ma. C, M. Dillery NASC: Mir. Richard Hirach Rale De. Charles 8. Sheldon DECLASSIFIE* Authotty NLJ. 030R. 018.001/2 BufE NARA. Date 8-2114

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CONFIDENTIAL Draft of Nov. 6, 1962 Revised by DOD 3/1/63 [ ] - material deleted Underlining - material added GUIDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving,. [ analyzing) and identifying. [any] fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession, except that the Department of Defense (DOD) is solely responsible for receiving and identifying fragments from vehicles launched by the DOD. [2. NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense (DOD) as expeditiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the DOD.] 2. In the event NASA should come into possession of space fragments under the sole and exclusive responsibility of the DOD, NASA will deliver such fragments as expeditiously as possible to the DOD. 3. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA and other U. S. Government agencies will [give] deliver to the DOD [ and other responsible agencies access as expeditously as possible and on a priority basis fragments (including whole vehicles) which are readily identifiable or suspect as coming from [space] vehicles launched from foreign countries. Such foreign fragments which come initially into possession of the DOD will be retained by DOD for analysis. Such analysis of foreign fragments will be completed expeditiously, and thereafter such fragments will (remain] be placed in the custody of NASA, pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. 4. All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. 5. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. GONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED E. 9. 13292, Sec. 3,4 ByChm/p. NARA, Date/-8•09

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CONFIDENTIAL 6. The DOD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. Also, DOD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exercise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsibility. In addition, the AEC will continue to make available to NASA and the DOD its special scientific capabilities. 8. The Department of State will provide policy guidance with respect to the final disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries, or made available to the United States by foreign countries. The Department of State will provide assistance in the acquisition of fragments that fall on foreign territory. 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the coordination and release of public information on fragments except for release of public information on fragments resulting from space vehicles launched by the DOD, which will be the responsibility of DOD. -CONFIDENTIAL

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NATIONAL AXRONAUTICS AND SPAGE COUNCIL Interagoncy alecting on Spaco Vehicle Fragmenta Wedasaday: Novamber 6, 1963 - 10190 % 10x Room 213 - Z.0. B. CHAIAHANI Da. E. G. Welsa AGG: Da, Arnold Fritech CLA: bir. Albert D. Wabalon Ma, Carl Deckatt DET ENS&: Dr. Alert Ga Hall, DOLaE / NASA: Miz. Arnold Frutidn Colonal William F* NSCI Ma, Charles Johnson 052: De. Nicholas Colovin D, Donald Z, Steiningea STATEI Mir, Robert Packard Nix. C. B. Dillery NASCA Mr. Richard Hizech Ma, Konsall W. Malo DECLASSIMIB Authort NLS.030R.018.001/5 9v. NARA. Dare8'21-14

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13 DRAFT November 6, 1962 PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the Government agency responsible for receiving [analyzing], and identifying [any] fragments or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies. Delete bracketed words to conform to DOD revisions of paper dated March 1, 1963.

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14 Die USIB tabe amy final artine at on since their December misting

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15 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL WASHINGTON EXECUTIVE SECRETARY October 24, 1963 MEMORANDUM TO: Honorable Dean Rusk Secretary of State Honorable Roswell L. Gilpatric Deputy Secretary of Defense Honorable James E. Webb Administrator, NASA Honorable John A. McCone Director, CIA Honorable Jerome B. Wiesner Director, OST / Honorable McGeorge Bundy Special Assistant to the President to Subject: Responsibility and Procedure re Space Vehicle Fragments Subject matter has in the past been discussed with representatives of interested agencies. Draft language was circulated and agreement was initially obtained. Subsequently, some variations in preferred language developed. In response to inquiry from Chairman Miller of the House Science and Astronautics Committee regarding legislation introduced on this subject, the Administrator of NASA responded that he did not believe such legislation was needed at this time, as the question of responsi- bility for receiving, analyzing, and identifying fragments and suspected fragments was being considered within the Executive Branch. This consideration was presumably a reference to the meetings and drafts developed under our auspices. There has been more than sufficient time elapsed since this matter was first examined for the interested agencies to agree upon a responsible position. Consequently, I am calling a meeting to examine this subject on November 6 at 10 o'clock in Room 213 of the Executive Office Build- ing. It would be appreciated if you would identify representation for your agency at such a session. When you have done so, it would be appreciated if my office were notified as to the person or persons who expect to attend. E. C. Welsh 1221

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16 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL WASHINGTON EXECUTIVE SECRETARY October 24, 1963 MEMORANDUM TO: Honorable Dean Rusk Secretary of State Honorable Roswell L. Gilpatric Deputy Secretary of Defense Honorable James E. Webb Administrator, NASA Honorable John A. McCone Director, CIA Honorable Jerome B. Wiesner Director, OST Honorable McGeorge Bundy Special Assistant to the President Subject: Responsibility and Procedure re Space Vehicle Fragments Subject matter has in the past been discussed with representatives of interested agencies. Draft language was circulated and agreement was initially obtained. Subsequently, some variations in preferred language developed. In response to inquiry from Chairman Miller of the House Science and Astronautics Committee regarding legislation introduced on this subject, the Administrator of NASA responded that he did not believe such legislation was needed at this time, as the question of responsi- bility for receiving, analyzing, and identifying fragments and suspected fragments was being considered within the Executive Branch. This consideration was presumably a reference to the meetings and drafts developed under our auspices. There has been more than sufficient time elapsed since this matter was first examined for the interested agencies to agree upon a responsible position. Consequently, I am calling a meeting to examine this subject on November 6 at 10 o'clock in Room 213 of the Executive Office Build- ing. It would be appreciated if you would identify representation for your agency at such a session. When you have done so, it would be appreciated if my office were notified as to the person or persons who expect to attend. E. C. Welsh 1221

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17 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON 25, D.C. DINN USA GOING IN REPLY REFER TO: Spare lonnul Dr. Edward Welsh Executive Secretary National Aeronautice and Space Council Westington 25, D. C. Dear Ba: following our discussion of last toursday, I have reviewed the tra?: pa handling o! fragments and greatly simplified our ccz- ments, 61 bough 1t was not possible to eliminate them all. Nee Collovine coments are male: 1. NASA has no objection to deleting the word "analyzing" in paragraph one, line two, with the clear understanding that fragment 12entification may in fact require Laboratory anelysis. 2. In paragraph three, the words "and otber US government agencies" and "Such foreign fragrents which come initially into possession of DOD vill be retained by DOD for analysis. "should be deleted since they are inconsistent with the statement in paragraph che that (NASA) 1s designated as the agency responsible fo: receiving and identifying fragments" with the exce; :lo: c. fragments irca DOD vehicles. 3. Paragraph five bas been deleted since 1t pertains exclusively to internal NASA ntters. Sincerely yours, Arnold W. Fratkin Director, Of?ice of International Progrars PRESERVATION COPY

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18 May 31. 1863 MEMORANDUM FOR lonorable John 1. MoCe Alrector ol Contrel baballleans Caairmen UstBoard Subjact: Dacoverad Fragmente el Spees Vestalos natter. To cale and, my memoranden to ll Cootral Carter. intod November 28, 1962, provided dras dortments and set lost the states el the projost at that time. On Mared I, & revleed eleralfled Internal peger (Tab A), whleh bas had top-level Delense clearance was provided, but me sow understand It has not been coordnated withla the batalligenes sommunity. I. C. Welnh ECW/mq Enclosure (an Tab A) Delease Drafe el March 1/63 "Guddaltaes for lataragency Handling al Space Vellela Fragmanda" (Canellad Contential) PRESERVATION COPY CONFMENTIAL DECLASSIFIES Anthoaty NLJ. 030 R.018.001 6 RifC NARA. Dare 8•21-14

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19 -CONFIDENTIAL GUIDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving and identifying fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the terri- tory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession, except that the Department of Defense (DoD) is solely responsible for receiving and identifying fragments from vehicles launched by the DoD. 2. In the event NASA should come into possession of space fragments under the sole and exclusive responsibility of the DoD, NASA will deliver such fragments as expeditiously as possible to the DOD. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA and other U,S. Government agencies will deliver to the DoD as expe- ditiously as possible and on a priority basis fragments (including whole vehicles) which are readily identifiable or suspect as coming from vehicles launched from foreign countries. Such foreign fragments which come initially into possession of the DoD will be retained by DoD for analysis. Such analysis of foreign fragments will be completed expeditiously, and thereafter such fragments will be placed in the cus- tody of NASA, pending final arrangements for their return to the launch- ing country or for other appropriate disposition. 4. All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agree- ment as to disposition. 5. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. 6. The DoD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting frag- ments. Also, DoD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. -CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED E.Q. 13292, Sec. 3.4 Bychm/ry NARA, Date 1-8.09

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-CONFIDENTIAL - 2 - 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exer- cise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsibility, In addition, the AC will continue to make available to NASA and the DoD its special scientific capabilities. 8. The Department of State will provide policy guidance with respect to the final disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries, or made available to the United States by foreign countries. The Department of State will provide assistance in the acquisition of fragments that fall on foreign territory. %. NASA will serve as the focal point for the coordination and release of public information on fragments except for release of pub- lic information on fragments resulting from space vehicles launched by the DoD, which will be the responsibility of DoD. CONFIDENTIAL

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL 20 March 4, 1963 To: Charles Johnson This is the paper to which I re- ferred on the phone. E. C. Welsh

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CONFIDENTIAL 20a GUDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving and identifying fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession, except that the Department of Defense (DoD) is solely responsible for receiving and identifying fragments from vehicles launched by the DoD. 2. In the event NASA should come into possession of space fragments under the sole and exclusive responsibility of the DoD, NASA will deliver such fragments as expeditiously as possible to the DoD. 3. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA and other U.S. Government agencies will deliver to the DoD as expeditiously as possible and on a priority basis fragments (including whole vehicles) which are readily identifiable or suspect as coming from vehicles launched from foreign countries. Such foreign fragments which come initially into possession of the DoD will be retained by DoD for analysis. Such analysis of foreign fragments will be completed expeditiously, and thereafter such fragments will be placed in the custody of NASA, pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. 40 All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreament as to disposition. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. DECLASSIFIED Aunbority NL) - 030R- 18-1-TF BY CTS NARA, DAtE 12/20/11 PRESERVATION COPY GONTIDENTIAL

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CONEIDERTAL The DoD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collectior teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. Also, DoD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exercise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsihility. In addition, the AEC will continue to make availalle to NASA and the DoD its special 8. The Department of State will provide policy guidance with respect to the final disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries, or made available to the United States by foreign countries. The Department of State will provide assistance in the acquisition of fragments that fall on foreign territory. 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the coordination and release of public information on fragments except for release of public information on fragments resulting from space vehicles launched by the DoD, which will bo the responsibility of DoD.

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December 10 pite CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr. Thomas Parrott Tom-- You should know about the attached documents and the small hassel between DOD and CIA concerning the procedural guidelines paper. As I understand it, the departmental repre- sentatives that worked with Ed Welsh had secured departmental clearances on the procedure but later on the Agency clearance somehow got unstuck. At this point there is no White House intervention that is either desirable or needed but, on the other hand, there is no guarantee that this could not become a White House issue on strictly jurisdictional grounds. As far as I am concerned it is a "tempest in a tea cup™ that would have been avoided entirely if the Space Council would have brought the Agency into the ad hoc committee from the beginning. Please return the papers when you have seen them. Charles E. Johnson Attachment: 1. Dec. 7, 1962 Memo to NASC fr CIA 2. Draft 11/6/62 Guidelines for Inter- agency Handling of Space Vehicle Fragments. CONFIDENTIAL • DECLASSIFIE, Authorty NLJ.030 R. 018.001/8 RUfS NARA. Date 8. 21-14

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chuch - ofice with your remate. Thanks for letting me cu, gap , see attached mite.

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23 CONFEENTTAL CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WASHINGTON 25, D. C. OFFICE OF DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE ED STATES OF LAM 7 DEC 1962 MEMORANDUM FOR EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, NATIONAL ABRONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL SUBJECT: Interagency Handling of Space Vehicle Fragments I should like to acknowledge with appreciation your 28 November memorandum requesting consideration by the Central Intelligence Agency of the draft documents containing "guidelines" and a "Public Statement" on the subject. Review of these documents has clearly indicated that the interagency handling of space vehicle fragments is of interest and concern to the United States intelligence community. Accordingly, this matter has been placed before the United States Intelligence Board (USIB) to develop promptly its coordinated views on the subject documents. USIB action is scheduled for its 12 December meeting, following which the Board's views will be transmitted to you. (Signed) Marshall S. Carter MARSHALL S. CARTER Lieutenant General, USA Deputy Director of Central Intelligence cc: Executive Secretary, NSC DECLASSIFIE Authony NLS. 030R.018.001/9 *fE NARA. Dare 8:21-14 CONF DEC 10 RECEIVED N. S. C. 9 27 AM '62 Exciuded from automatie downgrading and deciessillention

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EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT With in punding NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL WASHINGTON Z4 EXECUTIVE SECRETARY November 6, 1962 Mr. Johnson: Herewith are the draft papers as revised and agreed to at today's meeting. Copies have been sent to interested agency heads for formal concurrence. E. C. Welsh 2 Enclosures - Fragments 2: (Contadentiad - 2 pages)

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24a DRAFT 11/6/62 PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLINC OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the Government agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the terri- tory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate dis- position. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies.

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246 CONFIDENTIAL DRAFT 11/6/62 GUIDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identify- ing any fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. 2. NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense (DOD) as expedi- tiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the DOD. 3. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA will give the DOD and other responsible agencies access, as expeditiously as possible, to fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched from foreign countries. Such analysis will be completed expeditiously and thereafter such fragments will remain in the custody of NASA, pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. 4 All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. 5. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. 6. The DOD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. Also, DOD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether suc- cessful or not. 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exercise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsibility. In addition, the AEC will continue to make available to NASA and the DOD its special scientific capabilities. CONFIDENILAL DECLASSIFIED E.O, 13292, Sec. 3.4 Bycbm/g. NARA, Date /-8.09

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CONFIDENTIAL - 2 - 8. The State Department will provide policy guidance with respect to the disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries, or made available to the United States by foreign countries. 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the coordination and release of public information on fragments. CONFIDENTIAL

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CLASSIFIED DOCUMENT RECEIPT 24< TO (Name and address Mr. Charles E. Johnson National Security Council Room #368, EOB, Washington, D. Co FROM (Name and address E. C. Welsh National Aeronautics and Space Council General Services Administration TIME ShiDEOTEA ON CONCIASSIFIED Desripion such as File No, Subjet, ek.) Fragments DATE OF TRANSFER GSA REGISTER NO (TOP SECRET only) 11/6/62 CLASSIFICATION _ CONFIDENTIAL, NUMBER OF ENCLOSURES NUMBER OF COPIES Two THE ABOVE-IDENTIFIED MATTER WAS PERSONALLY RECEIVED BY ME: SIGNATURE THA or indelible pencil; if TOP SECRET must be signed by addressee only) (ate) THIS COPY TO BE RETAINED BY ADDRESSEE (Time) GSA FORM 1237 MARCH 1960

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25 December 10, 1962 CONTI DENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr. Thomas Parrott Tom-- You should know about the attached documents and the small hassel between DOD and CIA concerning the procedural guidelines paper. As I understand it, the departmental repre- sentatives that worked with Ed Welsh had secured departmental clearances on the procedure but later on the Agency clearance somehow got unstuck. At this point there is no White House intervention that is either desirable or neêded but, on the other hand, there is no guarantee that this could not become a White House issue on strictly jurisdictional grounds. As far as I am concerned it is a tempest in a tea cup that would have been avoided kentirely if the Space Council would have brought the Agency into the ad hoc committee from the beginning. Please return the papers when you have seen them. Charles E. Johnson Attachment: 1. Dec. 7, 1962 Memo to NASC fr CIA 2. Draft 11/6/62 Guidelines for Inter- agency Handling of Space Vehicle Fragments. CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIEY Anchorty NLJ. 030R.018.001/8 JC NARA, Dace 8•21-14

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26 DRAFT 11/6/62 PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the Government agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the terri- tory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate dis- position. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies.

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27 CONFIDENTIAL DRAFT 11/6/62 GUIDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identify- ing any fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. 2. NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense (DOD) as expedi- tiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the DOD. 3. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA will give the DOD and other responsible agencies access, as expeditiously as possible, to fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched from foreign countries. Such analysis will be completed expeditiously and thereafter such fragments will remain in the custody of NASA, pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. 4 All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. 5. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. 6. The DOD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. Also, DOD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether suc- cessful or not. 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exercise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsibility. In addition, the AEC will continue to make available to NASA and the DOD its special scientific capabilities. GONFIDENIIAL DECLASSIFIED E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.4 Bychm/y NARA, Date 1-8.09

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ca COnFIDEnTIAL - 2 - 8. The State Department will provide policy guidance with respect to the disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries, or made available to the United States by foreign countries. 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the coordination and release of public information on fragments. CONFIDENTIAL

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Nor. 6 Mutrig 1. Public Astatament hanne ANASA. White frase fo Melinse progen. 2. Bunklan 28

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29 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL Interagency Meeting on Space Vehicle Fragments Tuesday, November 6, 1962 - 10:30 a. m. Room 213 E. O. B. CHAIRMAN: Dr. S. C. Welsh ABC: Dr. Arnold Fritsch DEFENSE: Dr. F. O. Schuette JUSTICE: Mr. Robert Saloschin NASA: Mr. Marvin Robinson NSC: Mr. Charles Johnson OST: Mr. Eugene Skolnikoff NASC: STATE: Dr. Charles S. Sheldon II Mr. Richard Hirsch Mr. R. W. Hale Mr. Robert Packard Mr. Leonard Meeker

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30 DRAFT November 1, 1962 CONFIDENTIAL GUIDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. 2. NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense (DOD) as expeditiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the DOD. 3. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA will give the and other ros mite agen DOD access, as expeditiously as possible, to fragments which are readil; identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched from foreign countries. As sorn as will rai / Upon completion of such analysis, the DOD will turn such fragments over to NASA, in you custody they will remain pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. 4. All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. unti CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED E. 9. 13292, Sec. 3.4 B Chm/s NARA, Dato/-8.09

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- 2 - CONFIDENTIAL 5. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. 6. The DOD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. Also, DOD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exercise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsibility. In addition, the AEC will continue to make available to NASA and the DOD its special scientific capabilities. 8. Upon completio of technical analysie, the State Department will provide policy guidance te-NASA with respect to the, disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries a made matable to letS PT 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the release of public information on sich fragments. CONFIDENTIAI

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3/ —CONFIDENTIAL NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL November 2, 1962 MEMORANDUM TO: Mr. Howard Brown Mr. Charles E. Johnson Mr. Robert Packard Mr. Marvin Robinson DI. F. O. Schuette Mr. Eugene Skolnikoff Mr. Leon Ulman (AEC) (NSC) (State) (NASA) (DOD) (OST) (Justice) Subject: Fragments of Spacecraft Under date of October 22, I distributed two papers on the subject matter and asked that they be returned with suggested improve- ments. All such suggestions have been received and have been incorporated in the attached redrafts. With the exception of the addition of the phrase "or for other appropriate disposition'' in the next to the last paragraph of the draft public statement, no changes were suggested in that paper. The addition of that phrase is clearly indicated to make the public statement consistent with the internal paper. There were, however, several suggested changes for the internal paper. These were primarily language additions. Inasmuch as these changes are of some significance, it is considered desirable that we have one final meeting to go over the enclosed drafts. Such meeting is called for 10 o'clock Tuesday, November 6, in Room 213. Executive Office Building. E. C. Welsh Executive Secretary _CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED E.O. 13292, Sec, 3.4 B hm/1 NARA, Date 1-8:09.

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32 DRAFT November 1, 1962 PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the Government agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies.

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33 DRAFT November 1, 1962 CONFIDINTIAL GUIDELINES FOR INTERAGENCY HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is designated as the agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. 2. NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense (DOD) as expeditiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the DOD. 3. To insure prompt analysis for intelligence purposes, NASA will give the DOD access, as expeditiously as possible, to fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched from foreign countries. Upon completion of such analysis, the DOD will turn such fragments over to NASA, in whose custody they will remain pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. 4. All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED E.O. 13292, Sec. 3,4 cbm/ff NARA, Date 1-8•09

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- 2 - -CONFIDENTIAL 5. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangements, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. 6. The DOD will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. Also, DOD will inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. 7. The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials or special nuclear materials, and will exercise responsibility for special nuclear materials, in accordance with its statutory responsibility. In addition, the AEC will continue to make available to NASA and the DOD its special scientific capabilities. 8. Upon completion of technical analysis, the State Department will provide policy guidance to NASA with respect to the disposition of fragments from vehicles launched by foreign countries. 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the release of public information on such fragments. CONFIDENTIA

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34 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL WASHINGTON EXECUTIVE SECRETARY October 24, 1962 MEMORANDUM TO Mr. Charles E. Johnson National Security Council Washington, D. C. Thank you for your memorandum of October 23, as well as for the re-structuring of the guidelines paper - both on the subject of handling of space vehicle fragments. As soon as I receive comments from the other agencies, I will get in touch with you. E. C. Welsh

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35 GONE IDENTIAI October 23, 1962 MEMORANDUM TO MR. E. C. WELSH, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL Ed - In reference to the two papers you sent me, I would suggest that you might wish to insert the phrase "or otherwise appropriate disposition" at the end of the second paragraph of the public state- ment. A similar phrase is at the end of numbered paragraph 3 of the "Guidelines" paper, and I frankly can't see why the State Department should choke on having it in the public statement. It stands to reason that if we believe the satellite were hostile that we would not return it to its point of origin. When the "Guidelines" paper is distributed in the government, I think it would be most appropriate in the form of a Presidentially- approved NSAM. To facilitate this matter, I have put your paper in that form and attach a copy herewith. Charles E. Johnson Attachment Draft NSAM on "Guidelines for Interagency Handling of Space Vehicle Fragments" NSC Files -CONFIDENTIAL DECLASSIFIED ,E.O. 13292, Sec. 3.4 - com/y NARA, Dato /-8-09

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35a DRAFT 70/23762 CONFIDENTIAL NATIONAL SECURITY ACTION MEMORANDUM NO. TO: The Administrator, National Aeronautics and Space Administration The Secretary of State The Secretary of Defense The Director, Central Intelligence Agency The Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission The Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution The Director, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency The Executive Secretary, National Aeronautics and Space Council SUBJECT: Guidelines for Interagency Handling of Space Vehicle Fragments The President has approved the following procedures: 1. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments, or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. 2. NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense as expeditiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the Department of Defense. 3. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country, or other disposition. 4. All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. DECLASSIFIED E.Q. 13282, Sec. 3,4 3, NARA, Date /-8.09 CONPIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL -2- 5. The Department of Defense will notify NASA when deorbits are expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragments. DOD will also inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. Any such objects obtained are to be returned initially to NASA. Subsequent handling will be in accordance with existing intelligence collection procedures. 6. In accordance with its statutory responsibility, the Atomic Energy Commission will participate in the analysis of fragments of space vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilized or transported, radioactive materials, as well as taking res- ponsibility for the radioactive materials themselves. 7. NASA may continue to use the Smithsonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragments by contractual arrangement, and may also make appropriate arrangements for assistance with private agencies. 8. Upon completion of technical analysis, the State Department will provide policy guidance to NASA with respect to the return of vehicle fragments to the country where such fragments were recovered or to the country responsible for launching the original vehicle. 9. NASA will serve as the focal point for the release of public informa- tion on such fragments. CONFIDENTLA

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL 36 October 22, 1962 To: Mr. Charles Johnson National Security Council Attached is a set of papers which have been distributed to the individuals indicated. I thought it might be helpful for you to have an advance look at this language while it is being re-examined by the respective interested agencies. Let me know if you have any ideas regarding it. E. C. Welsh Attachment: ECW memo- 10/22/62

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З6а CONFIDENTIAL NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE COUNCIL October 27, 1962 MEMORANDUM TO: Mr. Howard Brown F. O. Schuette • Me. Leon Ulman Me. Marvin Roblason Mir, Robert Packard (AEC) (DOD) (Justice) (NASA) (State) Subject: Fragments of Spacecraft In our interagency menting of October 17, it was agreed that the Council two papors. Those draft papers are attached. One is intended for con- alderation ao a publie zelease, and the other as a paper of intra-govera» mental understanting- It would be appreciated ff the two papers would be examined carefully and would be returned to me by October 29 with suggested improve- ments noted thereon. Il there are suggestions of major significance, another meeting will be called to discuss them. It the auggestiona are relatively minor, they will be appropriately incorporated and the papere will them be returned for concurrence. These actions will also be coordinated with the staff of the National Security Coucil. F. C. Welsh Attachments DECLASSIFIED E. 0. 13292, Sec, 3.4 -Chm/2, NARA, Dato 1-8.09 CONFIDENTIA+ This memorandura is unclassified it separated trom attachments.

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366 OFFICIAL USE ONLY PRAFT ATTACHMENT A PROPOSED PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS October 16, 1962 The National Asronautics and Space Administration is dosignated as the Coverament ageney zesponsible for receiving, analysing, and Identifying any fragmenta or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its posseasion. Fragmenta identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country. In pezforming these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies. OFFICIAL USE ONLY

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36c CONFIBENTIAL DRAFT NAM Pur: MAM ATTACHMENT see, strin B Chum AEC QUADELINES: FOR INTERAGENGY HANDLING OF SPACE The Prendat has sund He VEHICLE FRAGMENTS l. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration la designate as the agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments, or saspected fragments of space vehicles of all types. Inclading the contents thereol, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession, 2 - NASA will turn over to the Department of Defense as expeditiously as possible fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the Department of Defanse, 3. Fragmente identilied as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final azzangements for their retura to the launching country, or other disposition. 4. All other fragments will be retained by NASA pending agreement as to disposition. DECLASSIFIE, Suthony N45.030R.018.0dl/10 By C NARA. Drice 8 21-14

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CONFBENTTAL ATTACHMENT (Cont'd) - 2 - 5. The Department of Defense will notify NASA when deorbite aze expected and when collection teams have been alerted to obtain the deorbiting fragmenta. DOD will also inform NASA of the results of such collection efforts whether successful or not. Any such objecte ebtained aze to be retarned initially to NASA. Subsequent handling will be in accordance with existing intelligence collection procedures. 6» In accordance with its statutory responsibility, the Atomic Energy Commission will participate in the analysia of tragments of epace vehicles which have utilized or transported, or are suspected of having utilised or transported, radioactive materials, as well as taking responsibility" for the radioactive materiala themselves. 7. NASA may contiane to use the Smitheonian Institution for collection and analysis of fragmenta by contractual arrangement, and may also make appropelate arrangements foz assistance illa yrivate agencies. %. Upon completion of technical analysis, the State Department will provide policy guidance to NASA with zespect to the zeturn of vehicle fragments to the country where such fragments were zecovered or to the countzy responsibile for launching the original vehicle. %. NASA will serve as the focal point for the release of pablic information on such fragments. NTIAL

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CLASSIFIED DOCUMENT RECEIPT 36d GSA REGISTER NO. (TOP SECRET only) TO (Name and address) Mr. Charles Johnson National Security Council Room #368, E. O. B., Washington 25, D. C. FROM (Name and address) E. C. Welsh National Aeronautics and Space Council General Services Administration TITLE J AkiR etAiN N9 ASPS Description such as File No., Subject, etc.) Fragments THE ABOVE-IDENTIFIED MATTER WAS PERSONALLY RECEIVED BY ME: DATE OF TRANSFER 10/22/62 CLASSIFICATION Confidential NUMBER OF ENCLOSURES (2) NUMBER OF COPIES (1) Acteder 22, 176 x (Date) SIGNATURE (Ink or indelible pencil, THIS COPY TO BE RETAINED BY ADDRESSEE 1409 г (Time) GSA FORM 1237 MARCH 1960

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37 October 17, 1962 TELECON SUBJECT: Recovery of satellite fragments Called R. W. Hale, Space Council, and informed him that I would be unable to attend the meeting this afternoon in view of a conflict in commitments. Suggested that my presence was not needed in view of my concurrence and support of the designation of NASA to have responsibility for the program. Suggested the development of an NSAM based on the draft statement attached in order to get the program under way, even though Justice and State might still have some legal and substantive questions. Hale was pleased to hear my views, and said they agreed with those that Welsh and he hold. He will inform Welsh of our conversation, and will fill me in after the meeting. Charles E. Johnson Attachment Draft statement for consideration at meeting on 10/17/62, 2:30 p.m., in Rm. 218, E. O. B.

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL 38 10/12/62 Mr. Johnson: In accordance with telephone conversation with your secre- tary this morning. R. W. Hale

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38a Draft Statement for Consideration at Veeting on October 17, 1962 2:30 p. m. -- Room 218 E. O. B. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has been designated as the Covernment agency responsible for obtaining, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments from space vehicles of all types which fall upon the territory of the United States or which are turned over to the United States by foreign coun tries. The only exception to this responsibility is that fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the Department of Defense will be turned over to the DOD as expeditiously as possible. NASA will be responsible for the disposition of all fragments which do not come from DOD vehicles. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other interested government and private agencies.

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10/12/62 3:45 p.m. 39 Mr. Johnson: (1) This is part of the correspondence which will form the background for next Wed- nesday's 2:30 meeting. (2) Another draft paper, I was told, is being sent to you for consideration at the meeting. Mabel

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL 39a Mabel: A memo. similar to the attached was sent to Mr. Bundy. M. Quill

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396 Octaber 2, 1963 MEMORANDUM YOR Hansrallo James I. Webs Injeet Rangenaltilly and Procatars Do Spass Velledo Tregnanie. 8e has boon reggaerod that laare la Bood lor a daedaton so ta whas norament agandes should here what responel blitles in regar o estalming, analyslaz, and Ideatlying tragmente or respocto zarmente trem opers vebleles which fall on U.S. lorritory o hitch scharules come late U.S. peasaseles & bes liberten been ongsonted that the Mational Marenanties and aary to work out a coordinate ositten on tale master. proble bored, on ten a it to eats or peter. trom your agenty to pertletpate la a mostlag on lade matter. To the out a de front do reta regact dam dready contribera lo mea dellberations. addriduale will than be propolare to son a = I. C. Mala PRESERVATION COPY

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575% 40 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT NATIONAL AERONAUTICS and SPACE COUNCIL WASHINGTON EXECUTIVE SECRETARY October 2, 1962 Koysen should C. Jobuson go? BKS MEMORANDUM FOR Honorable McGeorge Bundy Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs Subject: Responsibility and Procedure Re Space Vehicle Fragments. It has been suggested that there is need for a decision as to what government agencies should have what responsibilities in regard to obtaining, analyzing, and identifying fragments or suspected fragments from space vehicles which fall on U.S. territory or which otherwise come into U.S. possession. It has likewise been suggested that the National Aeronautics and Space Council is the appropriate agency to work out a coordinated position on this matter. There are legal as well as operational problems involved, and hence it would be helpful if this combina- tion of issues were kept in mind in identifying a person or persons from your agency to participate in a meeting on this matter. To the extent that agreements or recommendations have already been made on this problem, information regarding them would contribute to such deliberations. I would appreciate your having my office (Code 113 - Extension 2203) advised as to who would represent your agency. Such individual or individuals will then be contacted for the purpose of determining an appropriate time for a meeting. - Sạmnh. E. C. Welsh Caledl Thin till, 10/3/62.

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extra DRAFT November 1, 1962 4/ PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the Government agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies.

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4/a DRAFT November 1, 1962 PUBLIC STATEMENT ON HANDLING OF SPACE VEHICLE FRAGMENTS The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is designated as the Government agency responsible for receiving, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments of space vehicles of all types, including the contents thereof, which fall upon the territory of the United States or which otherwise come into its possession. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country or for other appropriate disposition. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other Government agencies.

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extras 42 Draft Statement for Consideration at Vieeting on October 17, 1962 2:30 p. m. -- Room 218 E. O. B. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has been designated as the Government agency responsible for obtaining, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments from space vehicles of all types which fall upon the territory of the United States or which are turned over to the United States by foreign coun- tries. The only exception to this responsibility is that fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the Department of Defense will be turned over to the DOD as expeditiously as possible. NASA will be responsible for the disposition of all fragments which do not come from DOD vehicles. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other interested government and private agencies.

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43 Draft Statement for Consideration at Vieeting on October 17, 1962 2:30 p. m. -- Room 218 E. O. B. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has been designated as the Government agency responsible for obtaining, analyzing, and identifying any fragments or suspected fragments from space vehicles of all types which fall upon the territory of the United States or which are turned over to the United States by foreign coun- tries. The only exception to this responsibility is that fragments which are readily identifiable as coming from space vehicles launched by the Department of Defense will be turned over to the DOD as expeditiously as possible. NASA will be responsible for the disposition of all fragments which do not come from DOD vehicles. Fragments identified as coming from vehicles launched by foreign countries will be retained by NASA pending final arrangements for their return to the launching country. In performing these functions, NASA will coordinate fully with other interested government and private agencies.